Course content includes the following topics:

• Earth pressure and settlement estimation - Overview
• Mobilized strength design – Linking mechanism to settlement calculation
• Finite element method – Total stress versus effective stress calculation for clays
• Nicole Highway Failure case study – Causes of the failure that occurred in 2004 in Singapore
• Monitoring - Objectives
• Instrumentation – Conventional to fiber optic sensing
• Case study of slurry wall monitoring in London
• Peck’s observational method – Nine ingredients
• Setting the limits for monitoring – Using the concept of the observation method